U.P.B. Scientific Bulletin (bulletinUPB)

%%% Standard format for the "U.P.B. Scientific Bulletin", University POLITEHNICA of  Bucharest, ROMANIA %%%%%%%
%%% versiunea 3 autori

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% Guide for Authors - U.P.B. Scientific Bulletin Template
% This file may be used as a template for writing a paper for submission

\documentclass[12pt,twoside,a4paper,reqno]{amsart}
\usepackage{bulletinUPB}
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\usepackage{eucal}
\usepackage{amsmath}
\usepackage{cite}
\usepackage{url}
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%\linespread{1.2} % changing the interline spacing and adjusting  fonts

%%%%  To be filled by editors
        \info{..}{..}{..}{202..}
        \received{date}
        \accepted{date}
        \published{date}
        \setcounter{page}{1}


\title{Your paper}

\author[F. Lastname]{Firstname LASTNAME\textsuperscript{1}}
\author[F. Lastname]{\correspondingauthor{Firstname  LASTNAME}\textsuperscript{2}}
\author[F. Lastname]{Firstname LASTNAME\textsuperscript{3}}
\affiliation{1}{Position, Institution, City, Country, e-mail: [email protected];}
\affiliation{2}{Position, Institution, City, Country, e-mail: [email protected];}
\affiliation{3}{Position, Institution, City, Country, e-mail: [email protected];}
\correspondence{[email protected]–{\bf only institutional email address}; add author initials (C.A.);}

\begin{document}
\pagestyle{headings}
\maketitle



%%%%%% Abstract
\begin{abstract}
The Abstract should be written as a single paragraph of no more than 200 words and should provide a concise, objective summary of the study. It should introduce the research topic in a broad context, state the purpose of the work, briefly describe the main methods or treatments used, and summarize the key findings. The final sentences should highlight the significance of the study and its broader implications. The Abstract must accurately reflect the manuscript content and should avoid unsupported claims, overstated conclusions, or results not presented in the main text.
\end{abstract}

%%%%% Keywords
\begin{Keywords}
keyword 1; keyword 2; keyword 3 (List three to ten pertinent keywords specific to the article, yet reasonably common within the subject discipline.)
\end{Keywords}

%%%%%%% Mathematics Subject Classification:
\begin{MSC2020}
XX-XX; YY-YY
\end{MSC2020}

%%%%%%%%%%%
\section*{0. General length recommendation}

For technical reasons, particularly to ensure optimal formatting and readability in the printed version, {\bf the submitted manuscripts should not exceed 14 pages. The final accepted version of the manuscript should have an even number of pages, but no more than 16}. (If supplementary materials are needed take care to maintain even number of pages). Authors are encouraged to present their work clearly and concisely, while including all essential information necessary for understanding and evaluating the study. This section is intended for guidance only and should be deleted before submitting the manuscript.

%%%%%%%%%%%%
\section{Introduction}

The Introduction should present the broader context of the study, highlight its relevance, and clearly state the purpose and contribution of the work. It should include a concise overview of the current state of research, referencing key studies and, where appropriate, mentioning ongoing debates or conflicting hypotheses. The main objectives should be clearly defined, together with a brief indication of the principal conclusions. The text should be accessible to researchers from related fields. \textbf{References must be cited in numerical order as they appear in the text, using square brackets and generated through the LaTeX  $\backslash cite\{...\}$} command (e.g., \cite{ref1}, \cite{ref1,ref2}, or \cite{ref1,ref2,ref3}). Further guidance on references is provided at the end of the document. 

%%%%%%%%%%%%
\section{Related Work}

State-of-the-art

\section{Methods/Modelling/Mathematical formulation/Proposed approach (solution)/etc}

Describe your research methodology, experimental setup, or computational approach in sufficient detail for reproducibility. \textbf{Typical environments for theorems, definitions, remarks etc. should be used}:


\begin{definition}\label{def1}
\rm Define key concepts used in your work. Note that the text
appears not in italics.
\end{definition}

\begin{theorem}\label{thm1}
State your main theoretical results.
\end{theorem}

\begin{proof}
Provide a clear and complete proof.
\end{proof}

\begin{lemma}\label{lem1}
.....
\end{lemma}

\begin{remark}\label{rem1}
Include important observations and interpretations of your results.
Note that the text appears not in italics.
\end{remark}

\begin{example}
Include supporting examples for your results.
Note that the text appears not in italics.
\end{example}


{\bf Referencing theorems, remarks, definitions etc. should be done using the LaTeX {\rm $\backslash$ref\{...\}} command} (e.g., Theorem~\ref{thm1}, Definition~\ref{def1}).

\section{Results and Discussion}

The Results and Discussion section should present the main findings of the study in a clear, logical, and well-structured manner. Results should be described objectively and supported, where appropriate, by figures, tables, schemes, or equations. All figures, tables, schemes, and equations must be numbered consecutively and cited in the text. Authors should avoid repeating in the text data already presented in tables or figures and instead focus on highlighting the most relevant trends, observations, and relationships.
The Discussion should interpret the results in relation to the objectives of the study and the existing literature. Authors should explain the significance of their findings, compare them with previous studies where relevant, and address possible explanations, limitations, or unexpected outcomes. Claims should be supported by the data presented and should not exceed the scope of the study.

{\bf Displayed equations should be written using the {\rm equation}, {\rm align}, or {\rm align*} environments.  Only equations explicitly referenced in the text must be numbered. Equation references should be made using the LaTeX {\rm $\backslash$eqref} command} (e.g.,  equation~\eqref{eq1}, equation~\eqref{eq2}).

Formatting example for equations:

\begin{equation}\label{eq1}
(a+b)^3 = a^3+3a^2b+3ab^2+b^3.
\end{equation}

\begin{align}\label{eq2}
f(x) &= \sum_{i=1}^{n} a_i x^i \nonumber\\
     &=a_1 x+a_2 x^2+ \ldots +a_n x^n.
\end{align}

\begin{align*}
f(x) &= \sum_{i=1}^{n} a_i x^i \\
     &=a_1 x+a_2 x^2+ \ldots +a_n x^n.
\end{align*}



Tables should be written in small characters, 10 pt.  Figures should be centered, and figure legends should be written in 10 pt characters.


Formatting examples for Figures (see Figure \ref{fig1}) and Tables (see Table~\ref{tab1}).


\begin{figure}[htbp]
\medskip
\centering
% First panel
\begin{minipage}[b]{0.45\textwidth}
    \centering
    \includegraphics[width=4cm,height=4cm]{example-image}
    \textbf{(a)}
\end{minipage}
\hfill
% Second panel
\begin{minipage}[b]{0.45\textwidth}
    \centering
    \includegraphics[width=4cm,height=4cm]{example-image}
    \textbf{(b)}
\end{minipage}

\caption{This is a figure; schemes follow the same 
formatting. If there are multiple panels, they 
should be listed as: \textbf{(a)} Description of 
what is contained in the first panel; 
\textbf{(b)} Description of what is contained 
in the second panel. Figures should be placed 
in the main text near the first time they 
are cited. A caption on a single line should 
be centered.}
\label{fig1}
\end{figure}


\begin{table}[htbp]
\medskip
\centering
\footnotesize
\caption{This is a table. Tables should be placed
in the main text near the first time they are cited.}
\label{tab1}

\begin{tabular}{|p{3.2cm}|p{3.2cm}|p{3.2cm}|}
\hline
\textbf{Title 1} & \textbf{Title 2} & \textbf{Title 3} \\
\hline
entry 1 & data & data \\
\hline
entry 2 & data & data\textsuperscript{1} \\
\hline
\end{tabular}

%%%% Creating a footer for the table
\parbox{\textwidth}{%
    \raggedright
    \footnotesize
    \textsuperscript{1} Tables may have a footer.
}
\end{table}



This section may be organized into subsections at the
authors' discretion to improve clarity. However, the
manuscript should include a clear discussion of the
results, either as a dedicated subsection or integrated
within the Results and Discussion section.



%%%%%%%%%%%%
\section{Conclusions}

The Conclusion section is mandatory for all manuscripts. It should briefly summarize the main findings of the study, without repeating details already presented in the Results and Discussion sections, and should emphasize the main contribution of the work to the field. Authors should highlight the relevance and broader implications of the findings, acknowledge any important limitations if they have not been discussed elsewhere, and indicate possible directions for future research or practical application.

\section*{Supplementary Materials (If it is the case)}

{\footnotesize
Where applicable, additional data, figures, tables, or other relevant information that support the main manuscript but are too extensive for inclusion in the main text should be provided as Supplementary Materials after the References section or, where appropriate, as separate files, such as Excel spreadsheets. Each supplementary figure and table must include a caption and be numbered consecutively using the prefix “S” (e.g., Table S1, Figure S1). Supplementary materials must be clearly cited in the main text to help readers identify and access the additional information. Example of citation in the main text: “Additional experimental data are provided in Figure S1 and Table S1 in the Supplementary Materials.”}

\section*{Author Contributions}

{\footnotesize \it
For research articles with multiple authors, a clear statement describing each author’s individual contribution must be provided, following the CRediT taxonomy {\rm (\url{https://credit.niso.org/})}. Each author should be explicitly listed under the relevant roles, and authorship should be limited to individuals who have made a substantial contribution to the work. {\bf All authors must confirm their agreement with the contribution statement before submission.}

Example: Conceptualization, X.X. and Y.Y.; methodology, X.X.; validation, X.X., Y.Y., and Z.Z.; formal analysis, X.X.; investigation, X.X.; writing—original draft preparation, X.X.; writing—review and editing, X.X.; supervision, X.X.; funding acquisition, Y.Y. All authors have read and agreed to the published version of the manuscript.}

\section*{Data Availability Statement}

{\footnotesize
Examples: “The data presented in this study are openly available at [repository name] at [DOI or link].” “Data supporting the findings of this study are available upon reasonable request from the corresponding author.” “The data are not publicly available due to [reason].” “No new data were created or analyzed in this study. Data sharing is not applicable.”}

\section*{Funding (If it is the case)}

 {\footnotesize
 “This research received no external funding.” “This research was funded by [name of funder], grant number [XXX].”}

\section*{Acknowledgments}

 {\footnotesize
 This section should recognize any assistance, support, or contributions that do not fall under the Author Contributions or Funding sections. This may include administrative or technical assistance, institutional or laboratory support, access to materials, equipment, or software, editorial or linguistic support, or contributions from individuals or organizations that do not meet the criteria for authorship. Authors should ensure that all acknowledged individuals or entities have agreed to be mentioned.

Where relevant, the following disclaimer may be included: “The individuals acknowledged here had no role in the study design, data collection, analysis, interpretation, manuscript writing, or decision to publish.”}

\section*{Conflicts of Interest}

 {\footnotesize
 All authors must declare any potential conflicts of interest that could be perceived as influencing the presentation or interpretation of the research findings. These may include financial, professional, personal, institutional, or editorial relationships, such as employment, consultancies, stock ownership, honoraria, patents, grants, collaborations, affiliations, or editorial roles that may introduce bias.
 
If no conflicts of interest exist, authors must include the following statement: “{\bf The authors declare no conflict of interest.}”

If one or more authors are affiliated with the university or institution that owns, publishes, or financially supports the journal, this relationship must be clearly disclosed. The statement should specify the nature of the affiliation and confirm, where applicable, that the author had no involvement in the editorial handling, peer-review process, or publication decision for the manuscript.

Example: “Author X.X. is employed by [University Name], the institution that owns/publishes the journal. The author had no involvement in the editorial handling, peer-review process, or decision to publish this manuscript.”

If one or more authors are members of the journal’s Editorial Board, Advisory Board, or any other editorial body, this must also be clearly disclosed. In such cases, the author must not be involved in the editorial handling, peer-review process, or publication decision for the manuscript.

Example: “Author X.X. is a member of the Editorial Board of the journal. {\bf The author was not involved in the editorial handling, peer-review process, or decision to publish this manuscript.}”

If other conflicts of interest exist, they must be clearly described.}


\section*{Artificial Intelligence Disclosure}

 {\footnotesize
 If AI tools were used for language editing and readability improvement: “Artificial intelligence-based tools were used to improve language clarity, grammar, and readability during manuscript preparation. The tool used was [tool name] ([version/model]). No AI tools were used for study design, data analysis, interpretation of results, or generation of scientific content. The authors take full responsibility for the manuscript.”

If several digital or AI-based tools were used: “Digital and artificial intelligence-based tools were used solely for language editing and stylistic refinement of the manuscript. The tools used were [tool name(s), (version/model)]. No AI tools were used for data analysis, interpretation, or generation of scientific content. The authors remain fully responsible for the work.”

If no AI tools were used: “No artificial intelligence-based or generative tools were used in the preparation of this manuscript.”}

\section*{Publisher’s Disclaimer}

 {\footnotesize
 The statements, opinions, and data presented in this publication are solely those of the author(s) and contributor(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of the publisher, editor(s), or affiliated institutions. The publisher and editor(s) disclaim responsibility for any errors, omissions, or consequences arising from the use of the information, methods, instructions, or products described in the publication.}
%%%%%%%%%%%

\section*{References}

{\footnotesize
All references must be numbered in the order in which they appear in the text, including citations in tables and figure legends, and listed individually at the end of the manuscript. In-text citations should be placed in square brackets before punctuation, e.g., [1], [1–3], or [1,3]. 

Authors are strongly encouraged to prepare references using bibliography management software such as EndNote, Reference Manager, Zotero, or similar tools, in order to minimize errors and avoid duplicates. Digital Object Identifiers (DOIs) must be included for all references where available. References cited in Supplementary Materials must also be included in the main reference list.

Whenever possible, authors should cite peer-reviewed sources with a DOI. All references must be complete, accurate, and formatted consistently according to the journal style. The following formats should be used, as applicable:

\medskip

{\bf We recommend a maximum number of 30 references.}

\medskip

\noindent{\bf Journal article:}  A.B. Author 1, C.D. Author 2, Title of the article. \textit{Abbreviated Journal Name}, \textbf{Year}, \textit{Volume}, page range, \url{https://doi.org/xxxxx} (if it is the case)

\medskip

\noindent{\bf Book:} A. Author 1, B.Author 2, \textit{Book Title}, 3rd ed.; Publisher: Publisher Location, Country, \textbf{Year}, pp. xx–xx, \url{https://doi.org/xxxxx} (if it is the case)

\medskip

\noindent{\bf Work accepted or in press:} A.B. Author 1, C. Author 2, Title of the work. \textit{Abbreviated Journal Name}, stage of publication,  \url{https://doi.org/xxxxx} (if it is the case)

\medskip

\noindent{\bf Conference paper or presentation (when available online)}: A.B. Author 1, C.D. Author 2, Title of presentation. In \textit{Title of the Collected Work}, Proceedings of the Name of the Conference, Location, Country, Date; Editor 1, Editor 2, Eds.; Publisher: City, Country, Year; pp. xx--xx, \url{https://doi.org/xxxxx}.

\medskip

\noindent{\bf Thesis:} A.B. Author 1, \textit{Title of Thesis}. Level of Thesis, Degree-Granting University, Location, Date of Completion, \url{https://doi.org/xxxxx}.

\medskip

\noindent{\bf Basic format for reports and handbooks (when available online):}  A.B. Author 1,  (year, month). Title. Company. City, State or Country. Available: site/path/file.

\medskip

\noindent{\bf Website:} Title of Site. Available online: URL (accessed on Day Month Year)
}

\begin{thebibliography}{99}

\setlength{\baselineskip}{.45cm}

%%% Journal article
\bibitem{ref1} J.U. Duncombe, Infrared navigation-Part I: An assessment of feasibility. \textit{IEEE Trans. Electron Devices}, \textbf{1959}, \textit{11}, no. 1, pp. 34--39, \url{https://doi.org/xxxxx} (if it is the case).

%%% Book
\bibitem{ref2} G.O. Young, Synthetic structure of industrial plastics, in \textit{Plastics}, 2nd ed., vol. 3, J. Peters, Ed.; New York: McGraw-Hill, \textbf{1964}, pp. 15--64.
\bibitem{ref3} W.-K. Chen, \textit{Linear Networks and Systems}; Belmont, CA: Wadsworth, \textbf{1993}, pp. 123--135.
    
%%% Work accepted or in press
\bibitem{ref4}  B. Smith, An approach to graphs of linear forms, unpublished.
\bibitem{ref5}  A. Brahms, Representation error for real numbers in binary computer arithmetic. \textit{IEEE Computer Group Repository}, Paper R--67--85.

%%% Thesis 
\bibitem{6} J.O. Williams, \textit{Narrow-band analyzer}. Ph.D. dissertation, Dept. Elect. Eng., Harvard Univ., Cambridge, MA, \textbf{1993}.
\bibitem{7} N. Kawasaki, \textit{Parametric study of thermal and chemical nonequilibrium nozzle flow}. M.S. thesis, Dept. Electron. Eng., Osaka Univ., Osaka, Japan, \textbf{1993}.

%%% Reports and handbooks (when available online):
\bibitem{8} S.L. Talleen (1996, Apr.). The Intranet Architecture: Managing information in the new paradigm. Amdahl Corp., CA. 
       [Online]. Available: \url{http://www.amdahl.com/doc/products/bsg/intra/infra/html}

\end{thebibliography}

\end{document}